maven注意事项
大约 4 分钟
maven注意事项
maven命令
mvn compile
mvn clean
mvn install
#跳过测试
mvn package -DskipTests #这个还是会编译的,推荐用下面的
mvn package -Dmaven.test.skip=true # 不编译测试class
# powershell上需要
mvn package "-Dmaven.test.skip=true"
mvn clean package -pl module-a
# 多模块带有依赖需要加上-am
mvn clean package -pl log-app -am
等同于
mvn install && mvn clean package -pl log-app
注意
对于idea ,多模块打包必须先install,上面带参数这种方法不适用 多模块要指定<relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
打包注意
maven 默认的打包类型为 jar， 在项目聚合的时候，需要显式的将 父项目的 packing 指定为 pom，子项目可以定义为jar或者war 然后再指定所属的子模块，如下所示：
<packing>pom</packing>
<modules>
<module>kern-base</module>
<module>kern-dao</module>
<module>kern-service</module>
<module>kern-control</module>
</modules>
如果没有将packing 指定为pom ，那么子模块之间将无法正常的进行依赖传递。 我们执行的maven命令的时候将首先对父项目执行，而后当 父项目 的packing 类型为 pom 时，将对所有的子模块执行同样的命令，否则将无法执行同样的命令，那么依赖的传递将无法由maven 编译或者打包命令 得以执行。 参考官网： http://maven.apache.org/guides/introduction/introduction-to-the-pom.html
maven配置项目jdk版本
https://www.baeldung.com/maven-java-version
maven跳过测试
maven跳过测试编译过程
mvn -Dmaven.test.skip package
# powershell使用
mvn package `-Dmaven.test.skip=true
# 或者
mvn package '-Dmaven.test.skip=true'
# 或者
mvn clean package --% -Dmaven.test.skip=true
mvnd -pl aspect-main package --% -Dmaven.test.skip
使用配置文件pom.xml
<properties>
<maven.test.skip>true</maven.test.skip>
</properties>
maven跳过测试执行过程
mvn -DskipTests package
maven打包可执行jar
https://www.baeldung.com/executable-jar-with-maven
配置项目内镜像
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<name>aliyun</name>
<layout>default</layout>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
错误 Maven: Non-resolvable parent POM
需要先在主目录mvn install一下,然后再打包mvn -pl app package 或者mvn -pl app -am package
maven打包fatjar
最好使用maven-shade-plugin,专门用来打fatjar(uber-jar)的
使用maven-assembly-plugin
https://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-dependency-plugin/examples/copying-project-dependencies.html
自定义的打包结构，也可以定制依赖项等
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.6.0</version>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>cn.yzq.javademo.Main</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
使用maven-jar-plugin
默认的打包方式，用来打普通的project JAR包，此方式是没有真正打包到一个独立jar
https://maven.apache.org/shared/maven-archiver/examples/classpath.html
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
<mainClass>ab.yzq.tutor.Main</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
```xml
<!-- 拷贝依赖包 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
使用maven-shade-plugin
用来打可执行jar包，也就是所谓的uber jar包; https://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-shade-plugin/examples/executable-jar.html
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.5.0</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<transformers>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<mainClass>cn.yzq.javademo.Main</mainClass>
</transformer>
</transformers>
<filters>
<filter>
<artifact>*:*</artifact>
<excludes>
<exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
</excludes>
</filter>
</filters>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
使用javapackager
https://github.com/fvarrui/JavaPackager
<plugin>
<groupId>io.github.fvarrui</groupId>
<artifactId>javapackager</artifactId>
<version>{latest.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>package</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<!-- mandatory -->
<mainClass>path.to.your.mainClass</mainClass>
<!-- optional -->
<bundleJre>true|false</bundleJre>
<generateInstaller>true|false</generateInstaller>
<administratorRequired>true|false</administratorRequired>
<platform>auto|linux|mac|windows</platform>
<additionalResources>
<additionalResource>file path</additionalResource>
<additionalResource>folder path</additionalResource>
<additionalResource>...</additionalResource>
</additionalResources>
<linuxConfig>...</linuxConfig>
<macConfig>...</macConfig>
<winConfig>...</winConfig>
[...]
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
这个可能会遇到找不到依赖的问题
需要再项目中的pom.xml配置 注意这个`edu.sc.seis.launch4j:launch4j不在maven仓库而是再gradle plugin 仓库
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>aliyun-repo</id>
<name>aliyun</name>
<layout>default</layout>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>aliyun-repo</id>
<name>aliyuddn</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin</url>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
然后.m2/settings.xml中需要把这个id exclude掉,避免全局的仓库覆盖本地仓库
<mirror>
<id>nexus-tencentyun</id>
<mirrorOf>*,!spring-shell,!papermc-repo,!spigotmc-repo,!placeholderapi,!citizens-repo,!jitpack.io,!dmulloy2-repo,!commons-codec,!aliyun-repo</mirrorOf>
<name>Nexus tencentyun</name>
<url>http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/nexus/repository/maven-public/</url>
</mirror>
gradle打包
./gradlew bootJar
依赖分离打包
在build.gradle.kts中加入下面的代码,然后运行./gradlew thin和./gradlew bootJar同时打包thin包和fatjar
tasks.register<Delete>("clearLib") { //清除lib
delete(layout.buildDirectory.dir("libs/lib").get())
}
tasks.register<Copy>("copyLib") { //拷贝lib
from(configurations.runtimeClasspath) //从运行时目录
into(layout.buildDirectory.dir("libs/lib").get()) //到打包目录
}
tasks.register<BootJar>("thin") {
dependsOn("clearLib") //依赖清除和拷贝lib任务
dependsOn("copyLib")
exclude("**/*.jar") //打包时排除jar文件（不打包成fat jar）
mainClass.set("ab.yzq.jv.mini.MiniApp")
archiveBaseName="spring-min-thin"
targetJavaVersion = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
manifest {
attributes["Manifest-Version"] = "1.0"
attributes["Multi-Release"] = "true"
// attributes["Main-Class"] = "org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher" //main方法所在的class，我这个例子是用的Kotlin所以带有Kt后缀
attributes["Class-Path"] =
configurations.runtimeClasspath.get().files.joinToString(" ") { "lib/${it.name}" } //构建出 lib/包名 的字符串并用空格分隔
}
with(tasks.named("bootJar").get() as CopySpec)
}
groovy版本
task customJar(type: BootJar) {
archiveBaseName = 'custom-spring-boot'
version = '0.1.0'
mainClass = 'ab.yzq.springdemo.SpringDemoApp'
targetJavaVersion = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
dependsOn("clearLib") //依赖清除和拷贝lib任务
dependsOn("copyLib")
exclude("**/*.jar") //打包时排除jar文件（不打包成fat jar）
manifest {
attributes["Manifest-Version"] = "1.0"
attributes["Multi-Release"] = "true"
// attributes["Main-Class"] = "org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher" //main方法所在的class，我这个例子是用的Kotlin所以带有Kt后缀
attributes['Class-Path'] = configurations.runtimeClasspath.collect { 'lib/' + it.getName() }.join(' ')
}
println("below is bootjar")
print(bootJar)
with bootJar
}